THE BACHMAN/BACHMANN/BAUGHMAN Y-CHROMOSOME STUDY

While visiting each other in 1998, J Ross Baughman and Dr. M. Ulrich "Ueli" Bachmann conceived the idea of possibly using genetics to study the relationship between their ancestral families. When y-chromosome testing became commercially available a few years later, the Bachmann/Bachman/Baughman y-chromosome project was organized with the goal of determining which of a number of descendants of Swiss and of early American Bachmann immigrants share common ancestors. Ross is descended from the immigrant Henry Bachmann/Baughman who was born in 1711 in the Old Castle area of Richterswil, Canton Zurich, Switzerland and who eventually settled in Virginia and produced a large family of descendants. Ross's research in the Swiss records had resulted in five books on Bachmann and Swiss history. He had found at least one other well-known immigrant, Hans Georg Bachman (b. 1686, settled in Saucon Township in Pennsylvania), had come from the same area of the same village. Ueli Bachmann is a Swiss resident of the same village as the American immigrants of nearly 300 years ago.

The first participant was invited to join in December of 2000, with the first results received in 2001. As of July 2007, forty-two descendants of American, German and Swiss Bachmanns have had their y-chromosomes tested. They began with the Oxford Ancestors lab, founded by Brian Sykes ("The Seven Daughters of Eve") and one of the earliest companies (May 2000) to offer y-chromosome testing to the public (http://www.oxfordancestors.com). The Bachman study was thus one of the first y-chromosome surname projects in this now rapidly growing field. Philip Ritter became involved in the project more recently. He holds a doctorate in anthropology from Stanford University and is a descendant of Johann Georg Bachmann (b. 1686) through his Baughman grandmother. He is also co-administrator of the Ritter and Hamman surname projects. Within the last year, we have also begun using Family Tree DNA (FTDNA, http://www.familytreedna.com), which tests a larger number of markers than Oxford Ancestors. The results for the forty-two participants (as of July 2007) show twenty-five in four clusters representing four different Bachmann ancestors. There are three additional smaller clusters who likely share common ancestors plus six participants who so far remain unmatched. Hopefully future testing will find additional matches and help resolve the ancestral origins and relationships among the "orphan" lines.

THE RESULTS (Modified Oxford Ancestors Format)

The Results in FTDNA Format

Ancestor	ID	Estimated Haplogroup	DYS19 (DYS394)	DYS388	DYS390	DYS391	DYS392	DYS393	DYS389i	DYS389ii	DYS425	DYS426
Heinrich Bachmann, 1711 (Old Castle, Canton Zurich)	O914	R1b1	14	12	24	11	13	13	13	28	12	13
Heinrich Bachmann, 1711 (Old Castle, Canton Zurich)	F20658	R1b 1	15	12	24	11	13	13	13	28	12	13
Heinrich Bachmann, 1711 (Old Castle, Canton Zurich)	O991	R1b1	14	12	24	11	13	13	13	28	12	13
Heinrich Bachmann, 1711 (Old Castle, Canton Zurich)	F92522	R1b1	14	12	24	11	13	13	13	28	[12]	13
Heinrich Bachmann, 1711 (Old Castle, Canton Zurich)	O236	R1b1	14	12	24	11	13	13	13	28	12	13
Johannes Bachmann, 1800 (Alsace)	O452	R1b1	14	12	24	11	13	13	13	28	12	13
Hans Georg Bachmann, 1686 (Old Castle, Canton Zurich)	O847	R1b1	14	12	24	11	13	13	13	28	12	13
Hans Georg Bachmann, 1686 (Old Castle, Canton Zurich)	F36392	R1b1 (confirmed)	14	12	24	11	13	13	13	28	[12]	13
Hans Georg Bachmann, 1686 (Old Castle, Canton Zurich)	A1	R1b1	14	12	24	11	13	13	13	28	[12]	13
Jacob Bachman, 1761  (PA, lived Rensselaer Co., NY)	F21369	R1b1	14	12	24	11	13	13	13	28	[12]	13
Jacob Bachman, 1761  (PA, lived Rensselaer Co., NY)	F61547	R1b1	14	12	24	11	13	13	13	28	[12]	13
Valentine Bachman, 1820  (Easton, PA)	F58412	R1b1	14	12	24	11	13	13	13	28	[12]	13
Johannes Bachmann , ca. 1757 (Schonenberg, Canton Zurich)	O927	R1b1	14	12	24	11	13	13	13	28	12	13
Ignaz Bachmann, ca. 1788 (Berg Wolerau, Canton Schwyz)	O686	R1b1	14	12	24	11	13	13	13	28	12	13
Peter Bachmann, ca. 1655 (Finstersee, Canton Zug)	O461	R1b1	14	12	24	11	13	13	14	29	12	13
Alois Bachmann, 1790 (Hinwil, Canton Zurich)	O628	R1b1	14	12	25	11	13	13	13	28	12	13
Johannes Bachmann, 1745 (Canton Thurgau?/Lancaster, PA)	O355	R1b	14	12	23	11	13	13	12	28	12	12
Unknown Swiss (Zofingen, Canton Aargau)	O494	R1b	14	12	23	11	13	13	12	28	12	12
Jacob Bachman, 1696 (VA, KY)	O750	R1b	14	12	23	11	13	13	12	28	12	12
Jacob Bachman, 1696 (VA, KY)	O233	R1b	14	12	23	11	13	13	12	28	12	12
John Baughman , 1800 (Westmoreland, PA)	F21143	R1b	14	12	23	11	13	13	12	28	[12]	12
Rudolf Bachmann, ca. 1759 (Bottenwil, Canton Argau)	O370	R1b	14	12	23	11	13	13	13