Inside the Stock Market



Did You Know?

    6/3/98

  1. Have you ever seen a news story headline like: Class Action Commenced by So and So Against XYZ Corp. The story goes on to say that during a certain period the company's officers and directors sold millions of shares of their own company stock at artificially inflated prices. Then they tell you that if you purchased XYZ company stock between such and such a time, you may be included in the shareholder class action suit if you choose. Another such headline may be: Such and Such a Law Firm Commenced Shareholder Suit Against ABC Company and Certain Officers and Directors. The story goes on to say that the class action is on behalf of purchasers of ABC Company common stock during such and such a period. The complaint charges ABC and certain of its officers with violations of the federal securities laws.

    I have always wondered if the case is won by those that started the shareholder suit where does the money come from to pay off the damages? Do those individuals responsible, that is, those certain officers and directors pay out of their own pockets, or is the company being sued responsible financially? Every time I have seen, it's always been the company. So instead of those actually responsible having to pay, the company pays, which means the shareholders pay.

    When you look at the whole process you will see that what happens is certain officers and directors (the affluent) violate securities laws, they are sued by certain shareholders (the affluent ones) and if they win the case are paid off by the company which means the shareholders (the ones that aren't the affluent ones, the little guys left holding the rest of the company's stock). What a system.

    1/12/98

  2. Have you ever heard of fair-value pricing? At certain times a mutual fund company may use this method when figuring the NAV for a mutual fund at end of the day. Instead of using the exact closing value of each stock in the mutual fund, the company may "estimate" the closing value of a stock if one is not available to them at the end of the day. Companies may use fair-value pricing without notice to investors. As an investor what does this mean to you? If you owned a fund in a certain sector or area and that sector or area had a bad day, the mutual fund company could use fair-value pricing to smooth over the bad results. If you compared the fund that used fair-value pricing to one that didn't, the one that did use fair-value may not show as big as drop as the other one, giving you the impression that fund performed better than the other one. The only thing that really happened was the fund that used fair-value used estimated closing prices that were actually higher than the true closing prices of the stocks giving their mutual fund a higher closing NAV.

    Another thing to watch out for with fair-value pricing is buying a mutual fund on the same day that the fund uses fair-value pricing when calculating the NAV. If you are an investor and a sector or area falls by a large percentage in one day causing prices to fall in the funds specializing in that sector or area you may think this is a good time to buy because you think that the next day the sector or area will recover. This could be a quick way to make a profit depending on how good the recover is. However, if the mutual fund company uses fair-value pricing you may buy the fund at an NAV that is much higher than the true NAV of the fund. If that's the case you may not realize a profit the next day when the fund's NAV is calculated using true prices, and you actually could lose money if the recovery is not as big as you initially thought.

    1/9/98

  3. About 10 years ago "America" started to imply that Social Security may not be there for the baby boomers when they retire. Now in 1998 it is pretty much taken for granted that the Social Security system is screwed up and you had better be saving money, on your own, for your retirement (To reinforce the fact that the SS is screwed up, you only have to look at the fact that they have already changed my full retirement age to 67 and I am over 20 years away from retirement, can you imagine what my true retirement age will be when I actually do retire in 2020? Also, it is obvious that Americans are taking the problem with SS seriously, much of the fueling of the stock market is due to 401ks and the overall retirement savings boom.) It seems like the crowd in Washington doesn't want to do anything about the problem either. If the government can't guarantee me a retirement package at 65, fine. But at least give me the 15% social security tax (7.5% from me and 7.5% from the company I work for) that is suppose to be going to my retirement and let me invest it on my own. Yes, you can keep the money that I have contributed in the past 25 years, but don't make me and my company keep paying this tax for nothing.

    I think it is ironic that Americans are believers of the fact that Social Security, most likely, won't be there for them because the government has let them down, but now, for whatever reason, they think that the mutual fund companies and stock market will. There is no reason to believe that the mutual fund companies and stock market will be there for you either. The only real difference is they may have an excuse for their failure: Past performance is no guarantee of the future and we have been warning you about this for the past several years. The mutual fund industry is already starting to use the same tatics the government did with Social Security a decade back. That is, the government sent out a message in the Eighties: Social Security is in trouble and may not be there for you and the American thing to do is let the government slide and start saving on your own. Americans did just that. Now the mutual fund companies, knowing that there is going to be a big drain on the stock market when the baby boomers retire are starting their own campaign: "Keep your money working for you in retirement" and "How do you give them more than memories." What this is all about is that the mutual fund companies and the stock market know that the baby boomers are the bread and butter of the savers in America and if they (the baby boomers) have the notion in 2010 that they have worked hard all through their lives and now at 65 it's time to have some fun and start spending the money they have saved, could spell trouble for them. They are setting you up. By the time it's time for the baby boomers to retire, the boomers are going to be thinking that they will all live to be a 108 so you had better keep your money in the stock market and that when you do finally pass away at 108, it is much better to leave millions to your heirs than to have spent any of it on yourself.

    The remaining "Did You Knows" were the first ones that I started the article with. I don't have an exact date for each one, but they were all made prior to early 1997.

  4. The stock market is earnings driven. That is, the market is very dependent on companies reporting good earnings. Good earnings depend on a good economy. However, many of the sheep (the fund managers) feel the market is interest rate driven. That is, the market will be strong just as long as interest rates are low. Wrong, if indeed the economy is slowing so to will the stock market.

  5. The yield on the 30 year bond is below 6.5%. That means the 10 year yield is a little bit less than that, the 1 year yield a little bit less than the 10 year, and so on until you get to the rates that banks pay on deposits which is currently about 1-2%. How can long rates get much lower than where they are now? They can't. I'm not saying they can't go lower a little bit, but not much lower. However, the upside potential is very high.

  6. The investment community and media would like you to believe that CEOs are fairly compensated. Start reading the Notice of Annual Meeting to Shareholder reports and you will get the true story. Most CEOs are paid bonuses even when the company is not performing well. Most CEOs are given 10-20% raises when you and I are lucky if we get 2-3%. Stock options granted to top executive are only icing on the cake. For example, let's say that the strike price on an option for a CEO is $60 and the current price of the stock is $50. For the next year the company performs poorly and the stock drops to $25 a share. What will the board of directors most likely do for the CEO the next year? They will simply change the strike price from $60 to $30. Now let's say that the next year the company stock does well and moves back up to $50. The investors have made nothing in 2 years, but the CEO now exercises their options and reaps a 100% gain, not bad when you note the company's stock is at the same price it was two years ago and unlike the small investor who put his money at risk the CEO risked nothing.

  7. Many professionals tell you to buy gold as an inflation hedge. 10 years ago gold was over $500 an ounce, now it is less than $400. An inflation hedge, no. Gold is nothing more than a speculative investment at best.

  8. Michael Metz of Oppenheimer is one of the most quoted investment gurus. CNN likes him. Business Week likes him, Nightly Business Report like him. Well last December 1995, Mr. Metz predicted a peak of the Dow at 5300 in January of 1996 and then ending the 1996 year at 4860. Maybe the investors at CNN, Business Week and Wall Street Week have 9 lives, but I don't. They can spend their time listening to Metz, but I'm not going to.


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