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 Michael J.
Rosenfeld
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Note: This is my homepage, which I maintain myself. The
information here is the most up-to-date. The sociology department website
also has a profile of me, but the information there is not the most
current.
Research Interests:
I am a social demographer who studies
mating and dating, and the Internet's effect on society. I study family
history and family law, especially as they relate to same-sex couples and
their children. I am the author of many articles, and the books The Age of Independence: Interracial
Unions, Same-Sex Unions, and the Changing American Family
(2007) and The Rainbow after
the Storm: Marriage Equality and Social Change in the US
(2021).
I am currently working on:
* How Couples Meet and Stay Together, a longitudinal study of social life
in the US, funded by the National Science Foundation. The first wave of the
study was fielded in 2009. Public data, documentation, and further
information is available at the Stanford Library's data distribution website. Links to
news coverage about the "How Couples Meet" study is below, under
prior media coverage. The How Couples Meet and Stay Together project has
revolutionized our understanding of such topics as how couples meet, the
role of technology and the role of family in personal relations, why
couples stay together, and whether same-sex married couples stay together
as long as heterosexual married couples do.
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Links
to:
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My research, published papers and
working papers
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My CV
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My Google Scholar Profile
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Press
Coverage of my research
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Home
page of the How Couples Meet and Stay Together Project
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Links
to my classes:
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Soc 9N, Elections (freshman seminar)
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Soc 26N, Changing American Family
(freshman seminar)
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Soc 46N, Race and Ethnic Identities
(freshman seminar)
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Soc 149, Urban Underclass
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Soc 155, Changing American Family
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Soc 180B, Intro to Data Analysis
(undergrad)
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Soc 202, Junior Seminar: Preparation
for Research
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Soc 323, Sociology of the Family
(grad)
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Soc 381, Intro to Data Analysis
(grad)
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Soc
382, Principles of Regression Analysis (grad)
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Soc 385A+B, Second Year
Research Practicum
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Soc 388, Loglinear Models
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Other
links:
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Materials from
the DeBoer v Snyder trial
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Marriage and
family judicial decisions
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Selected Scholarly Publications (PDF format):
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 M. J. Rosenfeld. 2021. Oxford University
Press. The Rainbow
After the Storm: Marriage Equality and Social Change in the US. Available
from Amazon, bn, and Oxford
For most of American history, public
opinion was strongly opposed to gay rights. Marriage equality, when it
first emerged as an issue in the 1970s and 1980s, had remarkably little
public support. Even within the gay rights movement, many smart people
thought that marriage equality was unachievable in the US and therefore
they thought marriage equality was not worth fighting for. And yet, under
the surface, rapid change was taking place. American attitudes toward gay
rights were liberalizing at an unprecedented pace. It seemed that almost
overnight marriage equality was the law of the US, delivered by a 5-4
Supreme Court decision in Obergefell
v. Hodges. This book tells the story of the rapid
liberalization of attitudes toward gay rights that made same-sex marriage
the law of the US sooner than almost anyone thought was possible. See also
this addendum
reassessing chapter 8 analyses of GSS data after the GSS discovered an
error in their question wording. Quick summary: the question wording change
doesn’t matter very much.
Rainbow
After the Storm explains how and why public opinion toward gay
rights liberalized so much, while most other public attitudes have remained
relatively stable. The book explores the roles of a variety of actors in
this drama. Social science research helped to shift elite opinion in ways
that reduced the persecution of gays and lesbians. Gays and lesbians by the
hundreds of thousands responded to a less repressive environment by coming
out of the closet. Straight people started to know the gay and lesbian
people in their lives, and their view of gay rights shifted accordingly.
Same-sex couples embarked on years-long legal struggles to try to force
states to recognize their marriages. In courtrooms across the US social
scientists behind a new consensus about the normalcy of gay couples and the
health of their children won victories over fringe scholars promoting
discredited antigay views. In a few short years marriage equality which had
once seemed totally unrealistic became realistic. And then almost as soon
as it was realistic, marriage equality became a reality. What is there to
be learned from the victories of gay rights that can be applied to other
social movements?
The educational materials development group Futurum
from the UK developed a learning
module from this research which they are making available to high
school students world-wide.
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M. J. Rosenfeld. 2007. THE AGE OF
INDEPENDENCE: Interracial Unions, Same-Sex Unions and the Changing American
Family. Harvard University Press. Available (in paperback) now from Amazon.com.
The Age of Independence is a book which
offers a new theory of family trends and social change in the US. The
argument revolves around the independent life stage, a life stage which has
emerged since 1960. Young adults experience the independent life stage
after they have left their parents' homes, but before they have settled
down to start their own family. During the independent life stage young men
and women go away to college, travel, begin careers, and enjoy a period of
relative social independence.
The rise of the independent life stage has
reduced parental control over the dating and mate selection choices of
their children. The decline of parental supervision and control results in
a sharp rise in interracial and same-sex unions, the kind of unions that
previous generations of parents were able to prevent.
Related Figures and Data:
* A figure
and worksheet describing the
increasing percentage of American couples that are interracial, by several
definitions of interracial.
* A figure and
worksheet
describing the increasing number of interracial and same-sex couples in the
US.
* A figure and worksheet
describing the decreasing support in the US for laws against interracial
marriage.
* Figures
on the phantom boomerang, describing the rise of independent living
which is the opposite of the boomerang theory that is so widely believed.
Now updated with new figures 4 and 5 showing the rise of solo living among
men and women of all ages (but especially senior women)
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Other Scholarly Publications:
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M. J. Rosenfeld and Katharina Roesler 2023. “Stability
and Change in Predictors of Marital Dissolution in the US 1950-2017,” the
first comprehensive study in two decades of predictors of marital dissolution
in the US and their change and stability over time. We find some evidence
of increasing inequality in divorce risk between advantaged and
disadvantaged groups. We also find some predictors of divorce are
surprisingly stable over time. Forthcoming in Journal of Marriage and
Family. The online appendix
is available, as is a big replication
package with the couple-year event history dataset, Stata logs and do
files and some helpful (we hope) annotations. The early online JMF published version is
available (albeit behind a firewall).
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M. J. Rosenfeld
and Sonia Hausen 2023. “Resilience and
Stress in Romantic Relationships in the US during the COVID-19 Pandemic,”
is a study of how American couples took the extra time together that
the pandemic gave them, and forged the extra time into greater solidarity
and relationships strength. The paper is published in Sociological
Science: 10: 472-500.
Appendices are here,
and a replication package is here,
find the data at https://data.stanford.edu/hcmst2017.
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M. J. Rosenfeld, Reuben J. Thomas, and Sonia Hausen
2019. "Disintermediating Your friends: How online dating in the
United States displaces other ways of meeting," a study of the
way the Internet is diplacing friends as a way for heterosexual couples to
meet, with appendices. Now published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences, find it online here. One
often reproduced graph from this paper, updated with data from 2020 and
2022 waves, is here:
Source: HCMST surveys of 2009, 2017, 2020, and 2022. Number of
different-sex couples who reported how they met in each wave: 2,464 in
2009; 2,957 in 2017; 117 in 2020; 74 in 2022. More than one category can
apply so percentages don’t add to 100%. There are some other less common
ways of meeting that were coded but are not represented in this figure
(including meeting in or through the military, on a blind date, met in
public, met while on vacation, met through a non-Internet singles service,
met on a business trip, etc). The HCMST surveys are hosted at https://data.stanford.edu/hcmst.
Funding generously provided by the National Science Foundation (grants SES
2030593 and SES 1153867) and the UPS Endowment at Stanford University.
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M. J. Rosenfeld, and Katharina Roesler,
2019. "Cohabitation Experience and Cohabitation's Association with
Marital Dissolution, (including appendices)" in Journal of Marriage and Family 81
(1): 42-58, prepublication
online version here. The
final published version is here. We show that premarital cohabitation consistently
predicts higher rates of divorce in the US over time, consistent with one
of the classic and most surprising findings of American Sociology in the
1970s and 1980s. Because couples who cohabit before marriage are less likely to divorce in
the first year of marriage, due to what we call the Practical Experience of
Cohabitation (i.e. the couples who have lived together before have a
practical advantage in the first year of marriage), it always will seem as
if the historic association between premarital cohabitation and divorce has
disappeared in the most recent marriage cohort, but this is illusory. If
the marriage cohort is followed for more than a few years, the same
association between premarital cohabitation and higher divorce rates
reappears. Interestingly, a lot of sociologists who study marriage and
cohabitation are committed to the erroneous idea that premarital
cohabitation's association with higher divorce rates has disappeared.
Arielle Kuperberg blogged with an interesting critique of our paper here, and our response can be found here and here. A replication package (including event history
data in Stata format and Stata log) for Tables 1,2, and 3 is here.
*There was a really
revealing comment
published in JMF by Manning, Smock and Kuperberg (MSK) disputing our
results, and claiming that premarital cohabitation no longer is associated
with higher rates of divorce. Our reply to MSK is here, or find the
published JMF version of our reply here. The
replication package for our 2020 reply is here.
MSK discarded more than 75% of the data, and used the reduced sample size
and the resulting underpowered test to claim that there was no benefit to
marital stability in the first year of marriage. MSK treated children in
the household as time-invariant, even though couples marry in part to have
and raise children. Having children at the time of marriage is a strong
proxy for premarital cohabitation, and MSK's analysis and much of their
prior work is marred by this biasing and unnecessary data shortcut. MSK's
comment features a number of other interesting errors.
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M.
J. Rosenfeld, 2018. "Are Tinder
and Dating Apps Changing Dating and Mating in the U.S?."
This paper uses new HCMST 2017 data on how people use the phone apps. The
paper was presented at the Penn State "Families and Technology"
conference, and is published in an edited volume Families and Technology,
edited by Jennifer Van Hook, Susan M. McHale, and Valarie King. Published
by Springer, Switzerland.
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Orth, Taylor, and M. J. Rosenfeld, 2018 "Commitment
Timing in Same-Sex and Different-Sex Relationships," Population Review 57 (1): 1-19. See also pre-publication
version here.
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M. J. Rosenfeld, 2018. "Who Wants the Breakup? Gender and
Breakup in Heterosexual Couples" P. 221-243 in the
book Social Networks and the
Life Course, Edited by Duane Alwin, Diane Felmlee, and Derek
Kreager. Springer Press, Switzerland. This paper is often cited in the
popular press about predominance of women wanting
divorces (I found that about 2/3 of all divorces were wanted by the wife,
which is consistent with prior research from other sources). Somewhere
along the way, an erroneous claim started getting repeated in popular
commentary: that 90% of divorces among college educated people were wanted
by the wife. This 90% college women's divorce preference is definitely Not
in the data, not in the paper, and is in my view too high to be feasible.
So if you see that erroneous claim, know that it is wrong and alert me:
some folks have been good enough to fix and correct this error when they
were alerted to it.
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M. J. Rosenfeld,
2017."Marriage, Choice, and Couplehood in the Age of the Internet."Sociological
Science
4: 490-510. Video of my 2015 ASA plenary presentation on a similar subject
is here. An online supplement with appendices and my
re-analysis of some results from a paper by Paul is here.
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M. J. Rosenfeld, 2017. "Moving a Mountain: The Extraordinary Trajectory of Same-Sex
Marriage Approval in the U.S" Socius 3:1-22. Link to pre-published
version here. My paper presents tables and figures based on
summary analyses of all attitude variables in the GSS (through 2016) and in
the ANES (through 2012) that were repeated at least 3 times across at least
10 years. The relevant summary datasets are here (in Stata Format;
right-click to download):
GSS and ANES. See
also this addendum,
which reassesses marriage equality change (and finds only minor
differences) after the GSS discovered inadvertent changes in the way the
“marhomo” variable was asked.
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M.
J. Rosenfeld, 2015. "Revisiting the Data from the New Family Structure Study:
Taking Family Instability Into Account." Sociological Science
2: 478-501, includes supplemental tables. Since Sociological Science is an
open access journal, no credentials or permissions are required to follow
the link above. A small Stata dataset of the extra variables I created for
this paper is here.
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M.
J. Rosenfeld, 2014. "Couple Longevity in the era of Same-Sex Marriage
in the US," Journal of Marriage and Family 76(5): 905-918. Link to
the journal website here. Supplementary
tables are also available. A pre typeset version of the paper is here
for users who don't have access to the journal behind the firewall.
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M.
J. Rosenfeld, 2012. "Unhitched:
Love, Marriage, and Family Values from West Hollywood to Western China by
Judith Stacey" a review essay published online in
Social Forces, find it here. doi: 10.1093/sf/sos104
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M.
J. Rosenfeld and Reuben J. Thomas.
2012 American
Sociological Review 77(4): 523-547 . "Searching
for a Mate: The Rise of the Internet as a Social Intermediary."
The official online version of the paper can be found at the ASR/ Sage
publication website. This paper has been among the most read papers on
the ASR website since its publication. Supplementary tables are available here.
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M.
J. Rosenfeld, 2010. "The Independence of Young Adults in Historical Perspective."
in Family Therapy Magazine, May/June 2010, Vol 9, Num 3, P. 17-19.
Links to a typeset version of the article coming soon.
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M. J.
Rosenfeld, 2010. "Nontraditional
Families and Childhood Progress Through School" in Demography,
Volume 47 (3): 755-775 (Copyright 2010 Population Association of
America, reprinted here with permission). See also the supplementary
table (summarizing prior small-sample studies of children raised by
same-sex couples) which is supposed to be available on Demography's website
as well..
* Because this paper was at the time of its
publication, the only paper in the literature which compared children
raised by same-sex couples to children raised by other types of families,
using large sample nationally representative data, this paper's results
were discussed in depth during the hearing phase of Perry v.
Schwarzenegger, Federal district court 2010 (the case which puts the
constitutionality of the anti-gay-marriage Proposition 8 on trial). See link to transcript of day 5 of the trial here. The judge ultimately
struck down Proposition 8, and after appeals, the Federal district
court opinion was upheld by the Supreme Court, and same-sex marriage became
legal in California once again.
* My paper on children raised by
nontraditional families was subject to a comment in Demography (June, 2013) by Allen et al. My
response (also in Demography, June, 2013) "Reply to Allen et al,"
Demography 50 (3) 963-969, is linked here, or here.
* The debate over how to interpret the 2000
census data with regards to progress of children raised by same-sex couples
was renewed in the DeBoer v. Snyder Michigan (2014) same-sex marriage
trial, where I appeared as a witness for the plaintiffs, and Allen and
Price appeared as witnesses for the state defendants. Judge Friedman's
Michigan decision is here. The Michign decision largely settled the issue of
social science, children, and same-sex marriage for the courts. The DeBoer
v. Snyder decision was overturned
on constitutional grounds by the 6th Circuit. The Supreme Court's 2015 Obergefell
decision reversed the 6th circuit and affirmed the DeBoer trial
decision, making same-sex marriage legal in all 50 states. More background
documents from the DeBoer trial, including all expert affidavits, are here.
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M.
J. Rosenfeld, 2010. "Still
Weak Support for Status-Caste Exchange: A Reply to Critics" American
Journal of Sociology Vol 115 Number 4, Pages 1264-1276. This paper
is response to articles by Gullickson and Fu, and by Kallmijn, in the same
issue of the AJS. The debate centers around my 2005 AJS piece on
status-caste exchange, linked below.
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M.
J. Rosenfeld, 2008. "Racial,
Educational, and Religious Endogamy in Comparative Historical Perspective",
Social Forces volume 87, issue 1, pages 1-32 (lead article). Links
to typeset version (electronic access necessary) at JSTOR. See
also a technical
appendix with additional analyses and tables and figures showing that
the trend in educational endogamy in the US is relatively flat over time,
and that different measures of educational endogamy yield divergent answers
as to whether educational endogamy is slightly increasing or slightly
decreasing over time in the US. The divergent trend directions depending on
the specification of the measure of educational endogamy is a sign that the
popular theory that holds that educational endogamy is increasing in the US
rests on a shaky empirical foundation.
* In the front matter of the journal, p.ii,
Editor Francois Nielsen wrote the following: "Occasionally I run
across papers that not only present original results but also have the
scope, theoretical depth and integrative quality to function as an
effective review of an entire subfield. A good example is the article by
Michael Rosenfeld in this issue."
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M.
J. Rosenfeld. 2008. "Intermarriage."
In the Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity and Society, Edited by
Richard T. Schaefer, pages 736-739. Sage Press. Copyright 2008 Sage
Press, reprinted here with permission.
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M.
J. Rosenfeld. 2006. "Young Adulthood as a Factor in Social Change in the United
States." Population and Development Review 32(1) 27-51.
(Copyright 2006, Population Research Council, Reprinted with Permission).
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M.
J. Rosenfeld and Byung-Soo Kim. 2005 "The Independence
of Young Adults and the Rise of Interracial and Same Sex Unions"
was the lead article in the American Sociological Review 70
(4):541-562. The paper is also available through this external link to Ingenta. Also available are supplementary tables for the
paper, describing the the method for making 1990 and 2000 census samples of
same sex couples more consistent, as well as providing expanded tables of
coefficients for some logistic regression models summarized in Table 7 of
the paper. Email me if you want a copy of this paper. This paper was
summarized and described as 'new and noteworthy research' in the Fall, 2006
edition of the sociology journal Contexts, p. 11.
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M.
J. Rosenfeld. 2005. "A Critique of Exchange
Theory in Mate Selection." American Journal of Sociology
110 (5) 1284-1325 (Copyright 2005, University of Chicago Press,
reprinted with permission). Additional tables, figures and addenda for the
paper are available as a separate appendix here.
The dataset
used in tables 3-5 of the paper is posted here as an excel file. This paper
was the winner of the 2006 Roger V. Gould memorial prize for the
best paper in the AJS in the previous year.
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M.
J. Rosenfeld, 2002. Measures of
Assimilation in the Marriage Market: Mexican Americans 1970-1990 Journal
of Marriage and the Family 64: 152-162 (copyright 2002 by the
National Council on Family Relations, 3989 Central Ave. NE, Suite 550,
Minneapolis MN 55421. Reprinted with permission)
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M.
J. Rosenfeld, 2001. The Salience of Pan-
National Hispanic and Asian Identities in US Marriage Markets Demography
38: 161-175. (Copyright 2001 Population Association of America,
Reprinted with permission)
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M.
J. Rosenfeld, and M. Tienda, 1999. "Mexican Immigration, Occupational
Niches and Labor Market Competition: Evidence from Los Angeles, Chicago and
Atlanta, 1970-1990" Chapter 2 in Immigration and Opportunity: Race,
Ethnicity and Employment in the United States Edited by Frank D. Bean
and Stephanie Bell-Rose. New York: Russell Sage. There are two ways to
get this chapter: you can buy the book from Russell Sage (search their
website for publications here) or you can Email me and I'll send you a PDF file.
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M.
J. Rosenfeld, 1997. Celebration, Politics,
Selective Looting and Riots: A Micro Level Study of the Bulls Riot of 1992
in Chicago. Social Problems 44 (4): 483-502. (Copyright 1997
Society for the Study of Social Problems. Reprinted with permission)
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Working Papers (PDF format):
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M.
J. Rosenfeld, 2007. "Age at Marriage and Interracial
Marriage."
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M.
J. Rosenfeld and Alisa Feldman. 2024. What Happened to the Marriage
Alternatives? An Empirical Study of Same-Sex Marriage and Domestic
Partnership in the U.S. Replication
package is now available. The paper itself will be available soon.
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Classes I teach:
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Soc
9N
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"The 2020 US election, understanding the national,
participating in the local," a freshman seminar
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Fall, 2020
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Soc
26 N
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"The Changing American Family," a freshman
seminar
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Fall, 2006
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Soc
46 N
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"Race and Ethnic Identities," a freshman
seminar
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Spring, 2014
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Soc 155/255
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"The Family/ The Changing American Family"
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Spring, 2024
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Syllabus
Questions for each reading
assignment.
What is expected of in-class and in-section presenters
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First draft of potential second assessment questions (updated)
First draft of potential
midterm questions (updated)
Midterm grade
distribution (win 2016)
Preliminary Instructions for the GSS paper project (updated April,
2018)
Soc 255/ Femgen 255 in-class presentations:
* April 10, Ameze
* April 29, Kara
* May 13, E Ju
* May 15, Ethan
Some Additional Relevant Links:
* A link to a page of marriage and family judicial decisions
and notes; you will be responsible for knowing about many of these cases.
*Relevant to Cherlin's book, a 2006
Newsweek story revisiting an infamous 1986 story on the marriage crunch
*Judith Stacey's "Good Riddance to the Family"
*David Popoenoe's "Two-Parent Families Are better"
*Moynihan's 1965 Report on "The Negro
Family"
*Acs et al 2013 "The Moynihan Report Revisited"
*A 1995 US Dept. Health and Human Services Report on Unmarried
Childbearing
*Rosenfeld's 2010 paper on Nontraditional Families and Childhood Progress Through
School
*Some figures on the trends in living alone.
*A 2003 US Census report on Marriage and Cohabitation
*An international comparison of Non-Marital Fertility Rates
*Smith, Morgan, and Cox paper on Nonmarital fertility
*Ruggles paper
on history of black family structure
* A Pew Study on gender
and income over time, with some interesting implications about how
divorce has changed over time.
* A Pew study on attitudes towards same-sex marriage.
* A report on
foster care in the US.
Two graphs to get you thinking about life course versus historical and
cohort effects, from the 2000 CPS. Mean
income by age and gender, and mean
education by age and gender.. Figures for health status by age are
here.
A few movie scenes from two movies that relate to the Changing American
Family (and interestingly, all scenes star Dustin Hoffman). An early scene
documenting a generational divide, and the two final scenes from The
Graduate (directed by Mike Nichols, 1967): the church
scene and the escape. From Kramer vs. Kramer (directed by Robert
Benton, 1979): Meryl Streep as Mrs.
Kramer leaves, Mr. Kramer learns
to cook, and discussing custody
with his son.
A Pew Report with interesting findings on on the time use
of husbands and wives, 2011 compared to 1965.
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Soc 202
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Junior Seminar: Preparation for Research
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Fall, 2023
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Soc
323
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Sociology of the Family, for graduate students
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Spring, 2020
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Syllabus
Supplemental reading list and discussant/ presenter assignments are
posted on Canvas.
Some guidelines
about how to approach and interpret scholarly work.
Notes
and instructions for paper writers, presenters, and commentators.
A brief note on the population doubling time, and how it is calculated.
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Soc
388
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Loglinear Models
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Fall, 2007
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Syllabus
First homework assignment, due Oct 9
Second homework assignment due Oct 18, see
the links page for the dataset.. Homework 3 (due
October 30) is here, see class notes on how to download the data. I have
also posted instructions for the abstract and
final paper (NOTE updated due dates and instructions).
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Link
to class notes, datasets, and (eventually) homework solutions
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Soc 149/249
Urban Studies 112
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"The Urban Underclass"
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Spring, 2024
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Community
guidelines
Soc 249 in-class presenters:
* April 10, Ameze
* May 8, Ijeoma
Questions for the Assigned Readings
New: Instructions
for the Social Explorer Draft and Paper. See Also Charlotte Reed's instructions
for adding geocoded addresses to your Social Explorer maps, and Shania
Santana's more recent notes on using the Social Explorer's own facilities for
marking places on your map.
What is expected of in-class and in-section presenters.
Study guides for the exams, based on last year's exams:
Sample midterm questions (updated )
midterm grade
histogram for 2022 (new)
Sample final exam questions (Now updated
for 2022)
Materials and slides I
will use in class:
Introduction to some of the basic
ideas in the class. A figure on transitional
neighborhoods and neighborhood turnover, based on the game theory
analysis of American economist Thomas Schelling. Timelines: Chicago time line, and Civil Rights time line.
Notes on Marxist views of history. Outline of the Culture of Poverty
ideas. My notes on
neighborhood effects, and an illustrative simulation
(in pdf format; an excel version that is easier to play with is here) of what the
segregation indices mean. My notes
on different causes of segregation are here. Further notes on the effects of segregation. My
notes on free market economics and mortgage lending are here. A pdf figure which describes gerrymandering and reverse gerrymandering
(and a powerpoint version of the same gerrymandering slides). Two
excellent maps of Chicago, prepared by Victor Thompson, are now available.
There is the neighborhood map
(especially useful as a companion to Hirsch's book), and the map of Black residential concentration.
Several graphs of black-white
income differences are here. Some California HOLC redlining maps from
the 1930s are here,
and the broader source of HOLC maps is the Mapping Inequality project.
A local history of East Palo Alto that applies many class
themes.
Links related to
segregation and isolation in housing and in schools, with data after 1980:
A report by Glaeser and Vigdor of the Manhattan Institute on the decline
of racial segregation in the US from 1970 to 2010. There is a Census Bureau report by Iceland et al on
segregation and isolation by metro area and by racial group, 1980-2000. See
also this ProPublica report on rising school segregation (or more
correctly, isolation) in the US. A really interesting Urban Institute map of mortgage origination by recent
Sociology BA graduate Taz George. A Census Bureau report, "Racial
and Ethnic Residential Segregation in the United States: 1980-2000".
The
Lewis Mumford Center, with various reports on segregation. The Civil
Rights Center at Harvard University. Stanford's CCSRE has various reports
on local diversity and segregation
On Hope 6, modern
gentrification, vouchers and Moving To Opportunity:
A Brookings Report by Turbov and Piper. An Urban
Institute/Brookings report by Popkin et al. A Critique
by Venkatesh and Celimli. An Urban Institute brief
report by Buron. An Urban Institute brief
report by Popkin, Eiseman, and Cove. More recent links to Urban Institute studies based on a longitudinal
cohort of Chicago residents uprooted from the old high rise housing
projects by Hope VI. An Urban Institute report by Popkin et al on relocation from housing
projects and crime. One NBER link to a 2006 report on the
Moving to Opportunity housing voucher experiment (by Sanbonmatsu et al).
Links related to
incarceration, police- community relations, and minority communities in the
US:
* A Washington Post story on How St. Louis Profits from Poverty
* A Pettit and Western paper on Mass
Imprisonment and the Life Course
* A USA Today story on civilians killed by the police in the US.
* US mortality statistics for all causes of death in 2010.
*
Incarceration rates and various explanations from the University of
Chicago.
* An NYT debate about whether diversion from prison will
lead crime to rise.
* The US Dept. of
Justice report on Ferguson, MO, from 2015. See also student Jimmy
Vang's Social Explorer slides about Ferguson.
* US Dept. of Justice report on Baltimore policing, August
2016.
* An interesting Charles Blow column about the racial animus behind the
origin of the war on drugs.
Cases cited in
Alexander's The New Jim Crow: Terry v. Ohio (US Supreme Court 1968,extending right of
police to stop and frisk people in public without a warrant); Florida v. Bostick (US Supreme Court 1991, allowing
police sweeps on the theory that individuals can refuse); Atwater v. City of Lago Vista (US Supreme Court 1991,
ruling that police can hold someone in jail for a misdemeanor that would
carry no jail time); Harmelin v. Michigan (US Supreme Court 1991, affirming
a mandatory life sentence without parole for posession of a pound of crack
cocaine); McCleskey v. Kemp (US Supreme Court 1987, affirming the
death penalty despite racial disparity in who is given the death penalty); Los Angeles v. Lyons (US Supreme Court 1983, ruling
that Lyons could not sue the LAPD to enjoin the LAPD from applying
chokeholds, since he could not prove he would be the subject of a chokehold
in the future). A major reversal to New York's stop and frisk policy was
the 2013 Floyd v. City of New York case (Federal district court,
2013), which found New York's use of stop and frisk to be unconstititional.
Three terrific
undergraduate student theses from recent years that I will refer to in the
class.
1) Kelsey Finch's Trouble in Paradise: Postwar History of San Francisco's
Hunters Point Neighborhood, copyright 2008 Kelsey Finch.
2) Jackelyn Hwang's Perceptions and
Borders of the Changing Neighborhood: A Case Study in Philadelphia,
copyright 2007 Jackelyn Hwang. For citation or use outside of Soc 149/249/
Urb 112, you must get permission from Jackelyn
Hwang.
3) Gerad Hanono's California Dreamin': Examining the Legacy of the Great Tax
Revolt in Chula Vista, California, Copyright 2012 Gerad Hanono.
Links relating to
welfare reform:
See various working papers from the Three City Study including Andrew Cherlin's paper,
"The Consequences of Welfare Reform for Child Well-Being."
See also Cherlin et al 2002, paper from Social Service Review
and see also Rebecca Blank's thorough summary and evaluation of welfare reform. See this 2015
report on TANF from the Center for American Progress.
Robert Moses's response to Caro's biography of him. In relation to
Robert Moses and in relation to the broader question of how eminent domain
is used in the US, see the 2005 Supreme Court decision in Kelo v. New London.
Where are the Rivers (real name Walton) children now and what is
Kotlowitz up to? See this Chicago Tribune story from Aug 14, 2011.
With respect to Anderson's story of anti-war activity in Philadelphia,
and how a break-in (never solved until recently) at an FBI office in
Pennsylvania uncovered evidence of the COINTELPRO program, see this
interesting 13 minute NY Times video.
An interesting graphical demonstration
of wealth inequality in the US.
How progressive is the US Income tax (in theory)? See the history
of marginal tax rates.
* Some additional
readings relating to Moynihan's 1965 report:
The Negro
Family: The Case For National Action, published by the US Dept. of
Labor (PDF file, 4MB). And see Acs et al 2013, The Moynihan Report Revisited. See also a brief profile of Stanford Alumnus Charles Ogletree, who
describes the student protest against Moynihan at the 1975 Stanford
graduation, and also briefly mentions his involvement in a suit for
reparations for the 1921 Tulsa riot. See also this 2015 Atlantic magazine profile of Moynihan and government
policy by Coates.
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Soc
381
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Introduction to Data Analysis (for PhD students)
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Fall, 2021
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Syllabus
Guidelines for
the Soc 381 presentation and proposal.
Soc 381 presentation schedule
Soc 381
lecture table of contents (updated as we go)
Stanford library resources for using Stata on Farmshare for Windows and for Macs, and my quick telnet session.
Guidelines
for working together on home work
My notes on research terminology
and types of bias are here. This page will be undergoing regular revision
during the class, so be sure to check back. Newly added: my notes on the mean, the variance, and simple
statistics (these notes under construction). A new and updated version
of the class Excel file is available in .xlsx format, which
seem to work better for now (will be updated regularly and note: the Excel
file is not formatted for printing). Freedman's and Rice's statistical
distribution tables from the back of the books (includes the T and Z distributions,
plus also chisquare and F distributions). My notes on what
changes and what doesn't change in regression when you change the
inputs. A few slides about sampling and hypothesis testing. A set of notes on mediation tests.
On the matrix algebra of OLS regression: one nice summary from NYU, and
one from UCSD.
If you need a refresher on matrix multiplication, see here, and on how to
find matrix inverses by hand, see here, and for an example of matrix algebra applied to
OLS regression, see here.
* On the age-period-cohort problem see these graphs created from
cross-sectional data: Education by age, and Income by age.
* On the subject of data presentation with maps, see these area-weighted
cartographs of election results. On the subject of Tufte an data
presentation, see Peter Norvig's parody of Powerpoint using the Gettysburg Address.
* Materials relating to a famous debate about the influence of outliers.
1) Jasso's
original article on coital frequency. 2) Kahn and Udry's critique. 3)
Jasso's
response.
* Some addition literature we may read later in the quarter:
* "The Earth is Round" by Jacob Cohen, on Null
Hypothesis testing and Bayesian inference
* Lisse et al's 2003 paper from the Annals of Internal Medicine on the
hazards of Vioxx (Rofecoxib), for a discussion of the dangers that can
befall us when we don't take the power of tests into account.
* Two papers by Rosenfeld here
and here
that include logistic regression, for examples of how to (and how not to)
present logistic regression results.
* More papers with good/useful logistic regression output tables: Gould on
collective violence in ASR 1999 and Brines and
Joyner on couple dissolution also in ASR 1999.
* On the subject of what to do when sampling fraction is 1 (see Rice p. 194
for definition of sampling fraction), see blog posts by Statistician Andrew
Gelman here and here,
and see this paper by Desbiens.
* If you are wondering whether scholars still publish empirical papers with
OLS regression as the main tool, the answer is yes, and here are a couple
of examples from the family studies literature: Amato et al on
Divorce and children, Social Forces 1995, and Carlson and
Corcoran on family stability and children, JMF 2001
*The dataset for HW 1, and most of the rest of the homeworks is the 2000 March CPS dataset (14MB,
Stata 10 version). Right-click to download the data files. I include here
some housekeeping procedures I have done to the March CPS
file which may helpful to you when you work with your own CPS files.
My own brief
Introduction to STATA, contains lots of key information.
* The first assignment for the quantitative part of the class is HW1.
* As part of HW 1, you will be required to register with
ipums CPS, and download a dataset of your own
* HW 2
assignment.
* HW3 assignment
is now available.
* HW4 assignment
Has Been Updated (so make sure you have the latest version), datasets for
HW4: Anscombe's data
(Excel format) and a 50-state
CPS dataset (Stata format), and a GSS dataset for
2006-10.
A link for CPI inflation data.
The variables and their descriptions are best located at the website www.ipums.org, where
the data come from. You will find that ipums is easy to navigate and has
lots of relevant information. You can register for free and create your own
dataset. For class purposes, I will be using
* ipums variable descriptions for CPS
* and ipums
introduction to the CPS methodology
Fall 2021 class logs:
* First
class log (tabulate, summarize)
* Second
class log (t-test, probability of t, labels, ingesting data)
* Third class log
(SD, SE, ttest and normal values)
* Fourth class, no Stata log
* Fifth
class log (how regression compares to t-test, creating dummy vars by
hand, box plots and percentiles)
* Twelfth class log
(a brief one on plotting fitted values and marginsplot)
* Thirteenth
class log (calculating the LRT, the BIC, and the probabilities
associated with both).
* Fourteenth
class log (scatter plots with best fit OLS lines overlayed, dfbetas,
identifying points of most influence or largest residual)
Fall 2018 class logs:
* First
class log (tabulate, summarize)
* Second
class log (t-tests, labels, ingesting data, table command)
* Third
class log (SD, SE, ttest and normal values)
* Fourth class (no log, see class Excel file on ttests)
* Fifth
class (box plots, ttests equal and unequal, first regression with dummy
vars)
* Ninth
class (on the variance-covariance matrix)
* Eleventh
class (on scatter plots, graphing lines and dfbetas)
* Last
class (on what changes and what doesn't change when the regression
inputs are changed)
Fall 2016 class logs:
* First
class log (tabulate, summarize)
* Second
class log (ingestion of data, table, new variables, labels)
* Third
class log (t and Normal distributions, regression and t-tests)
* Fourth
class log (box plots, percentiles, rescaling)
* Sixth
class log (a bit about dummy variables by hand, for HW2)
* Eighth
class log (a bit on the Variance Covariance matrix, and its uses)
* Eleventh
class log (graphing and dfbetas)
* Class
18, on what changes and doesn't change in regression output.
Fall 2015 class logs:
* First
class log (tabulate, summarize, new variables, ingestion of data)
* Class two: There was no class two
* Class Three: No log, we talked about mean, SD, n, and SE.
* Class
four log (ttests, t and Normal distributions, hypothesis testing)
* Class
five log (box plots and percentiles, briefly)
* Class
eleven log (scatter plots, lines, residuals, dfbetas)
* Final
class log (what change is regression when you change the inputs)
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Soc
382
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Principles of Regression Analysis
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Winter, 2019
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Syllabus
Guidelines
for working together on home work
Two files you will be familiar with:
mean, the variance, and simple statistics and the Soc 381 and 382 class
Excel file
A sprawling page with a broad set of notes on loglinear models are here, including an Excel file about
loglinear models (distinct from our old comprehensive Soc 381 Excel file);
and a PDF file about the Poisson distribution and Loglinear models. A little
frog dataset I refer to in the loglinear Excel file is here. Treiman's 6x6 occupational
mobility in china dataset is here.
An aditional intermarriage dataset (not for HW 3 but for class is here,
and the same dataset with additional dimensions of year and immigration is here.
*An Event History Excel file is here. Two event
history datasets derived from HCMST 2009 waves 1-5 are posted on Canvas>
files.
Two readings:
* "The Earth is Round" by Jacob Cohen, on Null
Hypothesis testing and Bayesian inference
* Lisse et al's 2003 paper from the Annals of Internal Medicine on the
hazards of Vioxx (Rofecoxib), for a discussion of the dangers that can
befall us when we don't take the power of tests into account.
* First homework, propensity score analysis, using our old
friend, 2000 March CPS
dataset
* Second homework assignment,
categorical data analysis, with 2 datasets: a 2x2 table that you can enter
yourself, and a 5x5
LA marriage dataset.
* Third homework assignment, loglinear models
* Fourth homework, Event History analysis in Stata now available.
* Fifth homework assignment, Austin's HW.
* Class logs
* Intermarriage 5x5 national data, model fitting, first class log
1/29/2019
* second intermar class log
* Third intermar class log
* First class event history log
* Second class event history log
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Soc
180B/280 B
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Introduction to Data Analysis (for Undergraduates)
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Spring, 2019
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Guidelines for
the Soc 280B presentation and proposal.
Soc 280B presentation schedule (upload to Coursework one week before
presentation)
Guidelines
for working together on home work
Key Materials you will
need for class, which we will be referring to all quarter long:
My own brief
Introduction to STATA, contains lots of key information.
I strongly recommend that you purchase a license for Stata on your own
machine because the experience is better, but if you are absolutely
committed to running Stata for free on Stanford's network, instructions for
how to get started are here.
My notes on research terminology
and types of bias are here. This page will be undergoing regular revision
during the class, so be sure to check back. Newly added: my notes on the mean, the variance, and simple
statistics (these notes under construction). An
Excel file on means and standard errors (will be updated and Note: the
Excel file is not formatted for printing). Freedman's and Rice's statistical
distribution tables from the back of the book (T, Z, chisquare, and F).
My notes on what changes and what doesn't change in regression when
you change the inputs. A few slides about sampling and
hypothesis testing.
Final Exam Preview is ready.
* Readings from a famous debate about the influence of outliers. 1) Jasso's original
article on coital frequency. 2) Kahn and Udry's critique. 3)
Jasso's
response.
The CPS dataset:
*The dataset for HW 1, and most of the rest of the homeworks is the 2000 March CPS dataset
(14MB, Stata 10 version). Right-click to download the data files. I include
here some housekeeping procedures I have done to the March CPS
file which may helpful to you when you work with your own CPS files.
Homeworks, and their
associated files:
* The first assignment for the quantitative part of the class is HW1.
* As part of HW 1, you will be required to register with
ipums CPS, and download a dataset of your own
* HW 2
assignment.
* HW3 assignment
is now available.
* HW4 assignment
Has Been Updated Feb 25, 2010 (so make sure you have the latest version),
datasets for HW4: Anscombe's
data (Excel format) and a 50-state CPS dataset
(Stata format).
A link for CPI inflation data.
The variables and their descriptions are best located at the website www.ipums.org, where
the data come from. You will find that ipums is easy to navigate and has
lots of relevant information. You can register for free and create your own
dataset. For class purposes, I will be using
* ipums variable descriptions for CPS
* and ipums
introduction to the CPS methodology
-----------------------------
2019 Class logs
* class 1 log, on tabulate and summarize
* class 2 log, creating new variables and labels, table,
tabulate, summarize, and codebook.
* class 3: no log, didn't use Stata
* class 4 log, equal and unequal ttests, and associated P
values.
* class 5 log, HW2 related ttests, box plots, and
commands to display distributions.
* Class 6 log, our first regression, compared to t-test
and with a brief dummy variable creation example.
* Class 10 log, some helpful guidance about how to get
started on HW3 Q1
* Class 12 log, getting started with HW4 stuff: plotting
Anscombe's data, plotting the 50 state data, and syntax for residuals and
dfbetas.
------------------------------
*old, 2013 Stata class logs
* class
1 log, on tabulate and summarize.
* class
2 log, on generating new variables, on variable lables, and a bit on
summarize, table, and t-test.
* class
3 log, revisiting some HW1 related Stata tools.
* class
4 log, t-test and t-distribution.
* class
5 log, dummy variables, weights, regression, and changes of scale.
* class 6, no log
* class
7 log, on regression with dummy variables and changing the comparison
category
* class
10 log, graphing anscombe's data, with fits and residuals, also how to
make the Vietnam vet dummy variable.
* class
12 log, on residuals, graphing, and dfbetas.
-------------------------------------
Supplementary information:
* In case you need it, but you probably won't, A multiyear CPS dataset,
in zipped format (37MB Zipped, 95MB when expanded, Stata 10 version). Here
is a link to the ipums
codebook for the CPS data extraction I used (the 2000 data is just a
subset of this multiyear extraction).
My notes on how
to match husband to wife or householder to partner, to create couples
data, using STATA and census data from ipums.
Two graphs to get you thinking about life course versus historical and
cohort effects, from the 2000 CPS. Mean
income by age and gender, and mean
education by age and gender. A log for the creation
of the graphs is here. Figures for health status by age are
here, embedded with commands and notes.
Some additional
reading that we may or may not get to:
* On the subject of what to do when sampling fraction is 1 (see here for a definition of sampling fraction), see blog
posts by Statistician Andrew Gelman here and here,
and see this paper by Desbiens.
* "The Earth is Round" by Jacob Cohen, on Null
Hypothesis testing and Bayesian inference
* Lisse et al's 2003 paper from the Annals of Internal Medicine on the
hazards of Vioxx (Rofecoxib), for a discussion of the dangers that can
befall us when we don't take the power of tests into account.
* On the subject of data presentation with maps, see these area-weighted
cartographs of election results. On the subject of Tufte and data
presentation, see Peter Norvig's parody of Powerpoint using the Gettysburg Address....
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Soc
385A+B
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Second Year Research Practicum for Sociology PhD students
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Fall 2019 and Winter 2020
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Soc
180/280
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"Introduction to Social Research"
Note: This class has been superseded by Soc 180B/280B
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Spring, 2004
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Project 1, Historical/ Archival: Information: Notes on how to read sources, and
guide for project 2 proposals.
Some additional helpful hints about
how to write the historical paper.
Project 1, Historical/ Archival: Information: Some notes on potential topics and
library resources at Stanford. Notes
on how to read sources, and guide for project 2 proposals. What are primary and
secondary sources? Some additional helpful hints about how to write the historical
paper.
Project 2, Ethnography: Some guidance about what the proposal for the first project should
look like. Guidelines for the first project paper. Some key terms from Goffman.
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