VIRAZOLE
General description

Virazole is the brand name for the drug ribavirin produced by ICN Pharmaceuticals. It is available as an inhalation solution. Virazole is a synthetic nucleoside for use against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

Mechanism

The mechanism of action is unknown.

Indications

Virazole is indicated for treatment of hospitalized infants and young children with severe lower respiratory infection caused by RSV. Mild cases should not be treated with Virazole.

Usage/Dosage

Adminstration should be carried out in a Small Particle Aerosol Generator (SPAG-2). The recommended treatment regimen is 20 mg/mL as the starting solution in the drug reservoir of the SPAG-2 with continuous adminstartion for 12-18 hours per day for 3 to 7 days.

Precautions

Treatment of aerosolized Virazole in patients requiring mechanical ventilator assistance should only be undertaken by physicians and support staff with training in this mode of administration. Patients should be monitored closely, as sudden deterioration of respiratory function has been associated with treatment with Virazole.

Contraindications

Virazole is contraindicated for patients who have shown hypersensitivity to any components of the drug. It is also contraindicated for adults and for women who are or may shortly be pregnant during drug treatment.

Potential Adverse Effects

Virazole has been shown to produce testicular lesions in rats and has been shown to be a teratogenic agent. Other common effects include pulmonary or cardiac impairment, rash, and conjunctivitis.