Recommended Immunizations
Vaden Health Center recommends the following immunizations based on the risk of first-year college students contracting these conditions.
Meningococcal Meningitis
What it is: Inflammation of the lining of the brain and
spinal cord caused by a bacteria
Symptoms: Fever, severe headache, stiff neck and mental
changes, accompanied possibly by a flat red rash, particularly on arms
and legs
Prevalence: Relatively rare, although there are 1.5
cases per 100,000 in the USA for all ages. Recent evidence indicates
that first-year students living in residence halls are at higher risk,
however.
Seriousness: Meningococcal disease can lead to death
within 24 hours.
Shot effectiveness: Moderate. The vaccine is about 85
percent effective against the strains of bacteria it addresses. Yet it
doesn’t protect against meningococcal type B, which accounts for
about 30 percent of cases in college students.
Recommendations: Public Health experts recommend that
students who live in group residences and dormitories consider getting
this vaccine, especially first-year undergraduates. Others at higher
risk are people with weakened immune systems and those who travel to
high-incidence areas.
Hepatitis B
What it is: Hepatitis B is a viral infection of the liver
that can lead to liver failure, liver cancer or death.
Symptoms: There may be none, especially in infants or
young children. However, it can also bring on fever, abdominal discomfort,
nausea, vomiting, diminished appetite or jaundice.
Prevalence: It strikes about 5 percent of adults in
the USA and more in other areas.
Seriousness: Potentially very serious.
Shot effectiveness: Extremely effective. This is the
only vaccine that can prevent a sexually transmitted infection.
Recommendations: We strongly recommend getting this
shot. This is especially recommended for the following groups of high-risk
people:
- Health care workers
- Men who have sex with men
- People who are sexually active
- Those who have multiple sex partners
- Anyone who has had a sexually transmitted infection (including HIV)
- People who use injectable drugs or live in a household with a Hepatitis B carrier
Chickenpox
This immunization series of two inoculations is recommended for adults who have not had chickenpox.
Hepatitis A
We recommend this injection for travelers, food handlers, men who have sex with men and those with certain chronic diseases.
Tetanus and Diphtheria (Td)
This booster is recommended every ten years (sooner if you sustain a substantial wound or injury).
Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis (Tdap)
We recommend adults 19 to 64 years of age substitute Tetanus, Diphtheria and Pertussis for one booster dose of Td. Then use Tetanus and Diphtheria for later booster shots.
Measles and Rubella
This immunization combination is so important that it’s required for new students (to prevent the possibility of a campus epidemic).
Flu
Flu shots are recommended for the following groups of people who are at risk for serious complications from influenza:
- People 50 years of age or older
- Those with chronic heart or lung conditions, including asthma
- Anyone needing regular medical care
- Those with a metabolic disease (such as diabetes), chronic kidney disease or a weakened immune system
- Women who will be more than three months pregnant during the flu season
The flu vaccine is also recommended for students or others in institutional settings (such as those who reside in dormitories). Anyone who wants to lower their chance of getting influenza can also get a flu shot.
Gardasil
This vaccine series of three shots is for girls and women from 9 through 26 years of age. It is used to protect against the following diseases (caused by Human Papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16, and 18):
- Cervical cancer
- Abnormal and precancerous cervical lesions
- Abnormal and precancerous vaginal lesions
- Abnormal and precancerous vulvar lesions
- Genital warts
Gardasil helps prevent, but will not treat, these diseases.
Pneumococcus
This injection is recommended to prevent some types of pneumonia in people with certain chronic diseases.