Learn About the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict and Apartheid
A detailed description of the situation on the ground in Israel and the Occupied Territories can be found at our case for divestment page. However, we also encourage you to consult the wide array of other resources that are available, and on this page we have categorized and provided links to many of them. If you have any questions or would like further information, please feel free to join our mailing list and/or come along to our next event.
On the Use of the Term "Apartheid":
We are using "apartheid" to describe the situation in the Occupied Territories, not in Israel proper. We understand that Apartheid is a proper noun referring to the situation as it existed in South Africa, and thus choose to use the word as generally defined under international law.
Q: "The word apartheid—did you agonize about that?"
A: "Not really, I didn't agonize because I knew that's an accurate description of what's going on in Palestine. I would say that the plight of the Palestinians now—the confiscation of their land, that they're being suppressed completely against voicing their disapproval of what's happening, the building of the wall that intrudes deep within their territory, the complete separation of Israelis from the Palestinians—all of those things in many ways are worse than some of the aspects of apartheid in South Africa. There is no doubt about it, and no one can go there and visit the different cities in Palestine without agreeing with what I have said." —Jimmy Carter interviewed in Newsweek, January 1, 2007
We choose to define apartheid as the United Nations does, based on Article II of the International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid, and more recently, Article VII of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Specifically, these documents define apartheid as "inhumane acts … committed in the context of an institutionalized regime of systematic oppression and domination by one racial group over any other racial group or groups and committed with the intention of maintaining that regime" and "inhuman acts committed for the purpose of establishing and maintaining domination by one racial group of persons over any other racial group of persons and systematically oppressing them … [including] denial … to the right to life and liberty, … murder…, arbitrary arrest, … measurses designed to divide the population along racial lines, … persecution, … torture … and punishment.", respectively.
The Institute for Middle East Understanding (IMEU), an independent, non-profit organization that provides journalists with quick access to information about Palestine and Palestinians, has produced a simple report which, through a series of frequently asked questions, analyzes why some call Israel an apartheid state. We have also prepared our own set of FAQs.
Primers and Introductory Materials:
- Understanding the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict: A Primer. by Phyllis Bennis (via the US Campaign to End the Israeli Occupation)
- Palestine, Israel and the Arab-Israeli Conflict: A Primer. by Joel Beinin and Lisa Hajjar (via the Middle East Research & Information Project)
- The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: Challenging Slogans Through Critical Reframing, by Jeff Halper, Jimmy Johnson, and Emily Schaeffer (via the Iraeli Committee Against House Demolitions)
- Israeli-Palestinian Conflict 101 (via Jewish Voice for Peace)
- Background Briefings (via the Institute for Middle East Understanding)
News Sources:
- The Electronic Intifada
- Stop the Wall
- Institute for Middle East Understanding
- Haaretz
- AlJazeera English
- Washington Report on Middle East Affairs
- International Solidarity Movement
Divestment-Related Sites:
- The US Campaign to End the Israeli Occupation's Boycott & Divestment Resources Page
- Stop the Wall's Boycott Section
- The Business & Human Rights Resource Centre
Other Useful Sites:
- Palestine Solidarity Project
- If Americans Knew
- US to Gaza
- The US Campaign to End the Israeli Occupation
- Human Rights Watch's Israel Page
- Amnesty International's Israel Page
- B'Tselem (The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories)
- Gush Shalom (Israeli peace organization)
- The Israeli Committee Against House Demolitions [US chapter]
- Jewish Voice for Peace
- Breaking the Silence (Israeli soldiers speaking out)
- The Association for the Advancement of Civic Equality in Israel
- Al-Awda, The Palestine Right to Return Coalition
- Al-Shabaka, The Palestinian Policy Network
- Gaza Mom (blog by US-based Palestinian from Gaza)
- Think-Palestine-Act
- Virtual Gaza (a collaboration between the Alliance for Justice in the Middle East at Harvard University and the Center for Future Civic Media at MIT)
- Online
- Interview with Noam Chomsky, September 2, 2010 [watch on YouTube]
- Israeli & South African Apartheid Comparison, Omar Shakir on Black Talk Radio, June 2, 2010 [listen via blogtalkradio.com]
- Apartheid is Real, Omar Shakir @ UC Irvine, May 14, 2010 [watch on YouTube]
- Palestine and the Region in the Obama Era: The Emerging Framework, Noam Chomsky and Tariq Ali @ University College London, October 29, 2009 [watch on vimeo]
- Jimmy Carter @ UC Berkeley, May 2, 2007 [download RealAudio stream]
- Jimmy Carter and Alan Dershowitz @ Brandeis University, January 23, 2007 [watch on fora.tv] [view transcript]
- Charlie Rose interviews Jimmy Carter and Shimon Peres, November 30, 2006 [watch via Google]
- Israel and Palestine After Disengagement, a debate between Noam Chomsky and Alan Dershowitz @ Harvard, November 29, 2005 [watch via the Harvard University Institute of Politics]
- Palestine, Iraq, and US Policy, Edward Said, 2003 [watch via Google]
- Israel, Palestine, and the US: Origins of the Current Crisis and Where We Go From Here, Noam Chomsky @ Harvard/MIT Divestment Teach-In, May 6, 2002 [download RealAudio stream]
- Peace, Propaganda, and the Promised Land, documentary focused on the role of the US media [watch via Google]
- To Shoot an Elephant, documentary focusing on Operation Cast Lead [watch at toshootanelephant.com]
- The Iron Wall, documentary focusing on the development of Israeli settlements [watch via Google]
- I am Israel, very short documentary focusing on the history of Israel [watch on YouTube]
- Reel Bad Arabs, documentary focusing on the ways Arabs have historically been portrayed in Western culture [watch at freedocumentaries.org]
- Paradise Now, documentary focused on two men preparing for a suicide bombing [watch on YouTube]
- The Israel Lobby, documentary focusing on the power of the Israel lobby in the US [watch at freedocumentaries.org]
- West Bank Story, short comedy/musical film parodying West Side Story, winner of 2007 Oscar for Best Live Action Short Film [watch via Google]
- Sleepless in Gaza … and Jerusalem, video diary of young Palestinian women living under occupation [watch on YouTube]
- Children of Gaza, documentary focusing on children living in Gaza in the aftermath of Operation Cast Lead [watch on YouTube]
- Gaza, poetry reading by Suheir Hammad [watch on YouTube]
- Offline
- Palestine: Peace not Apartheid, by Jimmy Carter
- Beyond Chutzpah, by Norman Finkelstein
- Mornings in Jenin, by Susan Abulhawa
- The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine, by Ilan Pappe
- Palestine Inside Out: An Everyday Occupation, by Saree Makdisi
- A Wall in Palestine, by Rene Blackman
- One Country, by Ali Abunimah
- This Time We Went Too Far, by Norman Finkelstein
- Footnotes in Gaza, by Joe Sacco
- The Invention of the Jewish People, by Shlomo Sand
- Palestine: A Personal History, by Karl Sabbagh
- Orientalism, by Edward Said
- Out of Place: A Memoir, by Edward Said
- The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World, by Avi Shlaim
- The Fateful Triangle: the United States, Israel, and the Palestinians, by Noam Chomsky, with a forward by the late Edward Said
- The Gun and the Olive Branch: the Roots of Violence in the Middle East, by David Hirst
- Long Walk to Freedom: the Autobiography of Nelson Mandela, by Nelson Mandela

