van der Waals' force: An attractive force between
atoms or molecules names after J. D. van der Waals (1837-1923).
These forces are much weaker than those arising from valence bonds
and are inversely proportional to the seventh power of the distance
between the atoms or molecules.
van der Waals radius The most favourable distance
between two atoms, the equilibrium separation of the two atoms
is characteristic for a particular pair of atoms. Half this distance
is the van der Waals radius of the atom.
viscosity: the resistance to flow as
applied to a solution or a molten solid.