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A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z FFamilies are groups of proteins
that demonstrate sequence homology or have similar sequences. Fluorescence is the phenomenon in which absorption of
light of a given wavelength by a fluorescent molecule is followed by
the emission of light at longer wavelengths. The distribution of wavelength-dependent
intensity that causes fluorescence is known as the fluorescence excitation
spectrum, and the distribution of wavelength-dependent intensity of
emitted energy is known as the fluorescence emission spectrum. In fluorescent
materials, the excited state has the same spin as the ground state.
If A* denotes an excited state of a substance A,
then fluorescence consists of the emission of a photon, where h is Planck's constant and v is the frequency of the
photon. fibrous proteins: Proteins that play structural
roles in organisms. They include keratin in hair, actin and myosin in
muscles, and collagen, the most abundant protein in a vertebrate body.
Fibrous proteins adopt an extended, fiber-like structure and are important
structural building-blocks. Think: hair, muscle, collagen. Fibrous proteins
are not water-soluble. FORCE FIELDSSimulating molecular dynamics of very large molecules like Proteins is very computation intensive. To simplify the problem, atoms in molecules are treated as rubber balls of different sizes (atom types like Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen) joined together with springs of varying length (bonds). Classical physics ideas like Hooke's Law, Coulomb's Law are integrated into the model. Total energy of a molecule in this model is given by the following equation: E (tot) = E (str) + E (bend) + E (tors) + E (vdw) + E (elec) + ... where E (tot) is the total energy of the molecule,
E (str) is the bond-stretching term, E (bend) is the angle-bending term,
E (tors) is the torsional energy term, E (vdw) is the van der Waals
energy term, and E (elec) is the electrostatic energy term. Function of proteins:
Functional Group is the group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound. The functional group is -OH for alcohols, -CHO for aldehydes, -COOH for Carboxylic Acids etc. functional annotation - proteome: Advances in genome sequencing have created an immense opportunity to understand, describe, and model whole living organisms. Complete new genomes for various organisms are being published almost every month, and the Human Genome Project is now essentially completed. However, functional and structural characterization of newly sequenced proteins is still problematic. It is estimated that the function of a protein can only be identified about 50% of Sequence- based comparison methods alone can only identify function for about half of all proteins. Knowledge of a protein's structure often plays a crucial role in functional identification and characterization. There has been focus on methods for extending the amount of information that can be extracted from the genome, thereby identifying new and unique potential targets for drug discovery. These methods include a variety of 3-D- based functional assignment and annotation algorithms that have been combined to form GeneAtlas. Author: Tug Sezen |
