Ali, Noaman. Malcolm-x.org. 12 July 2004.

Carson, Clayborne. "Malcolm X," in John A. Garraty and Mark C. Carnes, eds., American National Biography. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Carson, Clayborne. “A Common Solution.” Emerge. February 1998: 44-52.

Carson, Clayborne, ed. The Autobiography of Martin Luther King, Jr. New York , NY : IPM/Warner Books, 2001.

Carson, Clayborne, ed. “Biography of Martin Luther King, Jr.” The Martin Luther King, Jr. Papers Project. http://www.stanford.edu/group/King/about_king/.

King, Martin Luther, Jr., “Beyond Vietnam.” The Martin Luther King, Jr. Papers Project. http://www.stanford.edu/group/King/publications/speeches/Beyond_Vietnam.pdf.

Malcolm X Biography. Africa Within. http://www.africawithin.com/malcolmx/malcolm_bio.htm.

Marable, Manning. “By Any Means Necessary: The Life and Legacy of Malcolm X.” Speech given at Metro State College, Denver, CO, February 21, 1992.

X, Malcolm and Alex Haley. The Autobiography of Malcolm X. New York , NY : Ballantine Books, 1965.