Bibliographical Note to Chapter 8

Much of the work on budget-based estimation techniques has been provided in the context of linear programming. A classic reference on this subject is Robert Dorfman, P. A. Samuelson, and R. Solow, Linear Programming and Economic Analysis (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1958). Further discussion of the use of linear approximations of economic behavior is provided in John Duloy and Peter Hazell, "Substitution and Nonlinearities in Planning Models," in C. R. Blitzer, P. B. Clark, and L. Taylor, eds., Economy-Wide Models and Development Planning (New York: Oxford University Press, 1975), pp. 307-25. Linear models have been used to analyze all levels of economic activity. The work by Blitzer, Clark, and Taylor contains discussions of national aggregate models. An example of agricultural sector analysis is Roger D. Norton and Leopoldo Solis M., The Book of CHAC: Programming Studies for Mexican Agriculture (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982). But the most frequent application of programming models has been at the level of the firm. Examples of this work include Carl Gotsch et al., "Linear Programming and Agricultural Policy: Micro Studies of the Pakistan Punjab," Food Research Institute Studies 14 (1975), pp. 3-105.

The preparation of budgets requires few resources other than a hand calculator; spreadsheet programs of micro-computers can also be useful for developing budget formats and automating many of the calculations. A reference work that provides capital recovery factors and other measures that depend on interest rates is J. Price Gittinger, ed., Compounding and Discounting Tables for Project Evaluation (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1973).