9 May 1997

Can Grammar Make You Feel Different?

Michael Maratsos

University of Minnesota

The Whorfian hypothesis has not fared very well in the highly concrete realm of colors. But it might be expected to fare better in "fuzzier" conceptual areas like cognitions about emotional experience. We conducted a study of speakers' ratings of how much control experiencers have over emotions and emotional situations, including ratings from English, Italian, and Greek speakers. On the whole, the grammar of "basic" two-argument emotion relation verbs is the same across these languages (subject=experiencer, direct object = stimulus). But for a few basic emotional concepts, particularly those corresponding to 'like' and 'miss,' the grammar of Greek and Italian treat the experiencer as a kind of oblique object, and the stimulus as the subject, perhaps translatable as 'he likes to me' or 'he pleases to me.' Since transitive-grammatical-subject is generally thought to have an agentive semantic core-prototype, one might think these non-subject experiencers for 'like' and 'miss' would be influenced in non-agentive directions by the grammar, for Italian and Greek speakers, compared to English speakers. The fact that most other transitive experiencers are encoded by transitive subjects in all three languages makes it possible to control for possible general cultural differences in making the comparisons. We also looked at other kinds of cultural, non-grammatically based differences between the speakers of the different languages. (Results to be discussed at talk).