4 October 1996

There's more than one way to talk about motion: Consequences of linguistic typology for narrative style

Dan I. Slobin

University of California at Berkeley

A language can lexicalize the PATH of motion in a verb stem (e.g., enter), or in an associated element, such as a verb particle (e.g., go in). Following Talmy, the first type is referred to as "verb-framed" and the second as "satellite-framed." In satellite-framed languages, MANNER can be expressed in the main verb (e.g., run in), while in the first type, MANNER is expressed in an associated form (e.g., enter running). A complex path can be expressed by a sequence of verbs in the first type (e.g., exit the house, cross the field, and enter the forest) and by a sequence of particles and prepositional phrases in the second (e.g., go out of the house, across the field, and into the forest). This collection of typological contrasts appear to have consequences for the ways in which motion events are described in narrative. Using crosslinguistic data of picture-elicited narratives, novels, and translations of novels, it is found that narrative texts in satellite-framed languages devote more attention to MANNER of movement and to the physical GROUND elements associated with movement (source, goal, milestone, medium). By contrast, verb-framed narratives may devote more attention to SCENE-SETTING (descriptions of layout, terrain, inner state). The colloquium will present work in progress, suggesting that lexicalization patterns can influence attention to aspects of motion events, leading to different types of narrative style.