Zoonosis: A disease that can be transmitted from animal to human. This brochure provides basic information regarding zoonotic risk and who can be contacted for further assistance.

This information is provided to assist you in understanding the potential occupational hazards associated with the use of rodents and the need in some instances to take precautions to minimize the potential for animal-to-human zoonotic disease. Also of concern is possible disease transmission from human to animal. This is most acute when working with potentially immunocompromised rodents, such as SCID-Hu mice.

Gloves, masks and a laboratory coat (or other dedicated protective clothing such as a scrub suit) should be worn when working with rodents. In some cases protective eye wear is also indicated. Do not eat, drink, or apply cosmetics while working in an animal use area, and always wash you hands after handling rodents. Remember that unfixed tissues, blood, serum, urine and other materials derived from rodents may also pose a risk. Bedding, hair and fur may also exacerbate allergies.

Contact EH&S at 723-0448 for any concerns or questions you have about working with rodents or any vertebrate animal and occupational risks. Help with training personnel in specific work practices to minimize risk can be obtained by contacting the Veterinary Service Center, 723-3876.

BE ADVISED: All personnel working with rodents are eligible to enroll in the Laboratory Animal Occupational Health Program (LAOHP). Contact EH&S at 723-0448 for additional information.

Rodents raised in "clean" facilities are considered relatively free of zoonotic diseases unless they have been experimentally or accidentally infected with a human pathogen. All use of pathogenic organisms must be approved by the Administrative Panel on Biosafety (APB). An APB representative can help you decide on precautions to safeguard your health. For assistance, contact the Biosafety Officer, 725-1473.

Note: those working with rodents should also be aware of possible allergic reactions. These allergic reactions are often associated with cage cleaning due to the dust hazards of bedding and surface contact with rodent urine proteins.

Wild rodents pose additional concerns. Wild-caught animals may act as carriers for such viruses as hantavirus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCMV) depending on where they were captured. Additionally, each rodent species may harbor their own range of bacterial diseases, such as tularemia and plague. These animals may also ,have biting insect vectors which can act as a potential carrier of disease (mouse to human transmission).

The following links describe some of the potential illnesses associated with rodents and may be found on-line:

• Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV)
• Hantaviruses
• Tularemia
• Plague

Bites or scratches involving these rodents or injuries from objects contaminated with body fluids from rodents require immediate first aid and medical attention.

Notify your supervisor!

Then, during the hours of 8:30 to 5:30 pm Monday through Friday, call or proceed to Sequoia Occupational Health, 454 Forest Ave., Palo Alto, (650) 566-0288. After hours care is available at Sequoia Hospital Emergency Department, phone number (650) 369-5811.

For immediate life threatening injuries go to the nearest Emergency facility (e.g., Stanford University Hospital, Emergency Room, phone (650) 723-5111.)