11/1/99: Whose Body: Overview
Intro
I. Historical Perspectives
II.  Medicalization and Marketing in Modern Western Cultures
     A. Medicalization and control of female body
     B. Marketing and the elaboration of female sexual power
     C. e.g. of female quest for thinness
III. Feminism and Body Politics
     A. early feminist responses
     B. 1960s+ revival of feminism
     C. Reclaiming medicine: women's health movement
     D. Resisting Marketing? Politics of Representation
IV: Where Medicine and Marketing meet: Trim or Fit?

Detailed outline:
Intro: The Body and Social Hierarchy

I. Historical Perspectives
   A. Dual Legacies: worship and fear of female bodies
        l. "Great Goddess" and fertility worship, + pollution taboos
        2. Lerner: Mother goddess replaced by God the Father
             dualism (Xty, Judaism, Islam):
                         mind/spirit/male vs. body/nature/female
                         Fear of bodily drain on men by female temptress
         3. Women's responses: control flesh, piety, nuns etc
II.  Medicalization and Marketing in Modern Western Cultures
     A. Medicalization and control of female body
          l. 17th century scientific revolution
              Control of nature (women, non-Europeans)
          2. 19th century professionalization of medicine (displace female healers)
                         Female complaints: hysteria, neurasthenia
                         Rest cure, surgery
      B. Marketing and the elaboration of female sexual power
           l. the 20th century "sexual sell"
           2. Sexualization of popular culture
                    Youth, race, women
           3. Homogenization of the female body ideal
                     e.g. Playboy centerfold
                     Ready made clothing
      C. e.g. of female quest for thinness
           1. Diet industry etc
           2. female discontent with bodies
                  Self-policing:
                      internalization
                      stratification among women
           3. Anorexia and bulimia
                         who? what? why?
                         Feminist analysis:
                         Orbach, Fat is a Feminist Issue
                         Chernin, The Obsession
                         capitalist patriarchy
                            response to trauma
              4. Global impact
                   W. Africa ("fattening rooms"), Fiji, and contact with West

III. Feminism and Body Politics
     A. early feminist responses
                Wollstonecraft, Stanton, Bloomer,
                 Chinese anti-foot binding campaigns
      B. 1960s+ revival of feminism
           l. radical feminism focus on personal, body
                    Beauty pageant protests
      C. Reclaiming medicine - emphasis on difference/reproduction
           1. Self-help and grass-roots women's health movement
                       cr, protests
                       Our Bodies, Ourselves (1973)
                       Organizing for health:
                                 National Black Women's Health Project
                                 Latina Health Organization
                                 SOS Mulher [Brazil]
            2. Health activism
                         DES, breast cancer, AIDS, disability
            3. Global conflict: FC/FGM
                         AAWORD 1980

       D. Resisting Marketing? Politics of Representation
                 Friedan, The Feminine Mystique (1963)
                 Naomi Wolf, The Beauty Myth (1991)

                 Female sexuality in popular culture
                         Enforces male domination? Or Claiming women's power?
                         Structure vs. agency; dangers vs. pleasures
                 E.g. Madonna, e.g. Islamic modest dress
 IV. Where Medicine and Marketing meet: Trim or Fit?
      A. structures:
                 economic importance of body
                 Symbolic control (Munter)
       B. Agency: Exulting in the Body via athletics
                 1. 1972 U.S. Education Act, Title IX and its impact
                 2. exercise and fitness can marketing "health"