function [gn,En,bn,b_bar_check,margin]=MALC(P,SNRmfb,Ex_bar,b_bar,Ntot,gap)

%
% EE379C 2001-2002 Spring
%
% Levin Campello's Method
%
% P is the pulse response
% SNRmfb is the SNRmfb in dB
% Ex_bar is the normalized energy
% Ntot is the total number of real/complex subchannels, Ntot>2
% gap is the gap in dB
% b_bar is the bit rate

% gn is channel gain
% En is the energy in the nth subchannel (PAM or QAM)
% bn is the bit in the nth subchannel (PAM or QAM)
% b_bar_check is the bit rate for checking - this should be equal to b_bar
% margin is the margin

% The first bin and the last bin is PAM, the rest of them are QAM.
  
% dB into normal scale
Noise_var=Ex_bar*(norm(P)^2)/(10^(SNRmfb/10));
gap=10^(gap/10);

% initialization
En=zeros(1,Ntot/2+1);
bn=zeros(1,Ntot/2+1);
gn=zeros(1,Ntot/2+1);
Hn = zeros(1,Ntot/2+1);
decision_table=zeros(1,Ntot/2+1);

% subchannel center frequencies
f=0:1/Ntot:1/2;

% find Hn vector
for i=1:length(P)
	Hn=Hn+P(i)*exp(j*2*pi*f*(i-1)); 
        % This value will be different depending if P represents 
        % P(1) + P(2)*D^-1 + ....  or P(1) + P(2)*D^+1....,
        % but we'll get same gn, thus same waterfilling result.
        % (Note that both have the same magnitude response!)
end

% find gn vector
gn=abs(Hn).^2/Noise_var;

%debugging purpose
%plot(gn)

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Now do LC %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%initialization

%used energy so far
E_so_far=0;
%decision table - QAM and PAM 
decision_table(2:Ntot/2)=2*gap./gn(2:Ntot/2);
if gn(1) ~= 0
    decision_table(1)=3*gap/gn(1);
else
    decision_table(1)=inf;
end
if gn(Ntot/2+1) ~=0
    decision_table(Ntot/2+1)=3*gap/gn(Ntot/2+1);
else
    decision_table(Ntot/2+1)=inf;
end

%decision_table: debugging purpose

while(1)
    
    [y,index]=min(decision_table);
    E_so_far=E_so_far+y;
    
    if sum(bn) >= Ntot*b_bar
      
        break;
	
    else
      
        En(index)=En(index)+y;
        bn(index)=bn(index)+1;
	
	if (index ==1 | index == Ntot/2+1)
	  decision_table(index)=4*decision_table(index);
	else
	  decision_table(index)=2*decision_table(index);
	end

    end
    
end

% calculate b_bar
b_bar_check=1/Ntot*(sum(bn));

% check margin
margin=10*log10(Ntot*Ex_bar/sum(En));

%>> [gn,En,bn,b_bar_check,margin]=MALC([1 0.9],10,1,1,8,0)
%
%gn =
%
%   19.9448   17.0320   10.0000    2.9680    0.0552
%
%
%En =
%
%    0.7521    0.8220    0.6000    0.6739         0
%
%
%bn =
%
%     2     3     2     1     0
%
%
%b_bar_check =
%
%     1
%
%
%margin =
%
%    4.4856