POP Lab Objective: Build very simple integrated Product - Organization - Process model

Notes:

• All the software you need is on each of the CIFE lab computers

The lab builds an integrated product, organization and process model of our iRoom class room.

The purpose of your POP model is to show the most expensive elements of the project -- from the perspective (your choice) of elapsed time, financial cost or risk. Your task is to create an instance POP model so that it represents the specific Functions, Scope, or Forms and Behaviors for your project.

Process to perform this lab:

1. Describe the project on paper, including
   • Sketch your simple building or space: do an isometric and possibly a plan view
   • Sketch the basic 9-element matrix structure of a POP model of your simple building at a B Level of Detail, including, for each of the three set of rows of the POP matrix (Product, Organization, Process), list (about) ten product Functions (i.e., product intent) that are most expensive (in time, cost or risk), (about) ten elements of the
     • Product design Scope or Form (i.e., Choices made as a response to functions) that are most expensive;
     • Behaviors (i.e., Predictions) you want to make or have made about the performance of the Product, Organization or Process;
     • Process design, i.e., tasks.
2. Build an "A+" level computer-based POP model of your simple building, based on your paper POP summary from step (1) by modifying and extending the POP sheet of the iRoom POP model. Please modify cells in the existing POP model.
   • The POP model has multiple cross-linked sheets. Select the hyperlinked name of one of the Worksheets in the Home sheet, e.g., POP Version 1. To return, select the hyperlinked Home page in the upper left corner of each sheet.
   • From the Home sheet, select the POP Version1 sheet.
   • Explore the structure of the POP model. To expose the scope and objective details of the product, organization and process descriptions, select each of the "+" signs on the left side of the high-level generic POP model. To see the qualitative threshold values of behaviors, select the "+" sign on the top of the generic model.
   • Note the color coding shown on the Legend at the bottom of each sheet. Your task is to assign values for cells in yellow that describe your design scope and objectives and later your analysis behavior predictions and measurements.
   • Note that, by inspecting cell values in the POPV2 sheet that, by default, most of its values are copied from comparable values in the POPV1 sheet. You can override them with your own values when you create second design version to compare with your first.
   • From the Home sheet, select the Analyses sheet. Notice that Behavior values are copied from the POPV1 and POPV2 sheets and are then plotted on the Evaluated goodness chart and the MACDADI Evaluation spider diagram.
3. On the POPV1 sheet, assign:
• Functional objectives for required rooms, actors and tasks plus names and values of measurable objectives, such as rentable area, organization cost and schedule. Expose and hide the objectives for scope and the measurable objectives with the "+" and "-" signs on the left side of the model. Assign functions for the
  1. Product
  2. Organization
  3. Process
• Form or scope elements for the Product, Organization and Process, e.g., rooms, actors and tasks. Expose and hide scope detail with the "+" and "-" signs on the left side of the model.
• Behavior names (column C), objective values (column E), relationship of behavior name and objective value, e.g., "+" or "included in" (column D) and Objective Weight (column M) of each behavior so the sum of the weights of all behaviors is 100.
• Qualitative threshold values that define the assessed goodness of -2, -1, etc. for each behavior. Enter these data in the Analyses sheet.
• Predicted behavior value for each behavior, e.g., for Conformance to product objectives. Initially, assign a value based on judgment; then following model-based analysis; then possibly following field measurement.
• Plot the values of predicted or measured values:
  • Expand (use the lowest "+") the Process behaviors so you can see the Measurement date cell unobstructed.
  • Enter the date on which the behavior prediction was made in the date cell: E116 of the POPV1 sheet
  • Note the predicted or measured behavior value, e.g., building Rentable area (square feet): value in column G and update if appropriate.
  • Note that the POP model automatically enters the assessed value and sets the color of a traffic light, based on how the predicted value relates to the qualitative threshold values.
  • Select the Plot command, i.e., the arrow, associated with the behavior.
  • See the plotted graph of predicted/measured behavior values.
  • See the plotted MACDADI spider diagram that shows assessed value of this value in context of assessed values of all behaviors. Note the
    • Decision Matrix, which compares cost and design goodness
    • Evaluated goodness column chart, which shows design option goodness for two alternatives and the requirement
    • Objective weights, which shows objectives and their relative weights
    • MACDADI Evaluation of design option goodness, which shows (unweighted) assessed values of all behaviors for two alternatives and the requirement
• Note that the POP model automatically updates the Assessed Behavior value (i.e., 0, 1, etc. in Column H) by comparing the predicted value of each behavior with the threshold range. Note that the associated Weighted assessment value of each behavior updates automatically and adds automatically to the overall project weighted assessment.
4. Adjust your POP model so there is good consistency of the the values of the POP rows, i.e., thefunctions and designed scope of the product, organization and product. Check that:
• Functions have associated Forms, or design choices and vice versa.
• All Functions have associated predicted/measurable Behaviors. Note that, initially, the behavior and function values may not conform closely, but that successive design iterations should increase the behavior - function conformance.
• Similarly, adjust your POP model so there is good consistency of the values of the FFB columns, i.e.,
  • P, O and P functions together specify all the important project functions;
  • Product, organization and process Form choices correspond in level of detail and (implicitly) reference each other;
  • At least one Organizational element has responsibility for each Process task, and
  • Process tasks have both a responsible Organizational element and a related Form.
5. Select the Analyses tab of the POP model spreadsheet and check the MACDADI Analyses to check the relative goodness of your two POP design models, i.e., as found on sheets POPV1 and POPV2.
6. Save a new copy of your POP model (select .xlsm format!) in your personal subdirectory.

Vocabulary

• Analyses: sheet in the POP model that shows the behaviors in columns with their assessed values (copied from the POPV1 and V2 sheets, qualitative threshold values (whose values are copied to those sheets), MACDADI spider diagram chart of behavior assessed values
• Assessed Behavior value: goodness of the associated behavior given the predicted behavior value and the qualitative threshold values. The POP model automatically computes this value based on the Assessed value rules shown in the Analyses sheet. These values are displayed as entries on the MACDADI Evaluation of Design Option Goodness spider diagram as part of the MACDADI Analyses, found in the POP model with heading Assessed.
• Behavior: Results of analysis prediction, observation or assessment (See Assessed Behavior Value), e.g., predicted building capacity = 30; observed area = 1000 ft-2; Assessed Behavior value = 2, found in Column H of the POP model with heading Predicted/Observed. See Behavior graph. You can add data to it by selecting the Plot arrow to the left of Predicted/Measured behavior values
• Form, or Scope: design choice of the project designers in response to the functional objectives, e.g., wall1, column-3, organization includes design team-1; process includes construct task-3, found in the POP model with heading Form/Scope.
• Function: what you want, or the design intent of the project, including requests of the owner and requirements of the municipality, found in Columns C-E of the POP model with heading Function. Note that there are two kinds of function:
  • Specification of product, organization and process elements, exposed at the A ... B+ levels of detail
  • Behaviors that have objectives and can be predicted or assessed objectively, e.g., required building capacity = 60; required organization cost = $100K; required project duration = 1 year
• Home: the top-level sheet of the Excel-based POP model. From this sheet, you can navigate to any of the other sheets.
• Level of Detail All models, including POP models, have a level of detail (LOD). POP models include the following numbers of product, organization and process form elements:
  • A Level: one to three
  • A+ Level: four to eight
  • B Level: nine to thirteen
  • B+ Level: thirteen to twenty-five
• MACDADI Analyses: As a bar chart, the Analyses tab of the POP model spreadsheet shows the overall project goodness for two design options. As a spider diagram, it also shows all the respective Assessed Behavior values for two design versions, found in the Analyses sheet of the POP model.
• Organization: the teams that will design and build the project. Expose or hide these values using the "+" and "-" signs on the left of of the POPV1 sheet.
• Process: the work steps that the organization members follow to design and build the product
• Predicted behavior value: value of a behavior, e.g., rentable area of a space. Expose or hide these values using the "+" and "-" signs on the left of of the POPV1 sheet.
• Product: a facility, such as a building or a civil structure, that a project organization will design, build or operate, using an associated process.
• Project: a temporary and one-time effort to build a unique product, using a unique process with work done by a unique organization. A POP model provides a succinct but complete project definition, including the function, scope and behavior of the product, organization and process of a project.
• Objective Weight: Weight of this behavior on a scale of [1 ... 100] where the sum of the weights of all behaviors is 100, found in Column M of the POP model with heading Weight.
• POP model generic framework
• Predicted behavior value: value that you initially assign based on judgment, then by model-based prediction, possibly finally by field observation or measurement.
• Product: the physical building or facility to be built. Expose or hide these values using the "+" and "-" signs on the left of of the POPV1 sheet.
• Qualitative Threshold values: By convention, MACDADI assesses the "goodness" of the value of individual predicted behaviors on a qualitative "Likert" scale of 0 to +2 or +3. The qualitative threshold values specify the specific range of values of a behavioral parameter that define assessed goodness of 0, 1, etc. For example, if the product behavior Conformance to product objectives has an objective of >= 98% then a team might give assessed goodness of 1 to values in the range 96 - 99 and assessed goodness of 2 to a value of 100, found in the POP model with heading Qualitative Threshold Values.
• Weighted Assessment: The weighted assessment of each behavior is the product of its Assessed Behavior value and its Objective Weight. The overall project weighted assessment, which is the goodness of the current design version, is the sum of the Weighted Assessments of the Behaviors. This value is displayed in the Evaluated goodness bar chart as part of the MACDADI Analyses, found in the POP model with heading Weighted Assessment.

Last modified 29 November 2011